Extra Questions class 10 SST
CHAPTER I : DEVELOPMENT
Multiple-choice questions :
1. Development of a country can generally be determined by:
(a) its per capita income
(b) its average literacy level
(c) health status of its people
(d) all of the above
Answer: (d) all of the above
2. Which of the following neighboring countries has better performance in terms of human development than India?
(a) Bangladesh
(b) Sri Lanka
(c) Nepal
(d) Pakistan
Answer- (b) Sri Lanka
3. What is the main criterion used by the World Bank in classifying different countries? What are the limitations of this criterion, if any?
(a) Gross Domestic Product (GDP); it fails to capture income distribution.
(b) Gross National Income (GNI); it ignores economic factors.
(c) Per capita income; it doesn't consider social indicators.
(d) Human Development Index (HDI); it neglects environmental factors.
Answer: (c) Per capita income; it doesn't consider social indicators.
4. In what respects is the criterion used by the UNDP for measuring development different from the one used by the World Bank?
(a) The UNDP focuses on economic factors, while the World Bank considers social indicators.
(b) The UNDP includes environmental factors, while the World Bank focuses solely on economic indicators.
(c) The UNDP measures development through a broader set of indicators beyond just economic factors.
(d) The UNDP and the World Bank use identical criteria for measuring development.
Answer: (c) The UNDP measures development through a broader set of indicators beyond just economic factors.
5. Why do we use averages? Are there any limitations to their use?
(a) Averages provide a summary measure of central tendency, but they cannot capture variations within the data.
(b) Averages help in understanding trends, but they cannot account for outliers or skewed distributions.
(c) Averages simplify complex data, but they may obscure important details.
(d) All of the above.
Answer: (d) All of the above.
6. Kerala, with lower per capita income, has a better human development ranking than Haryana. Hence, per capita income is not a useful criterion at all and should not be used to compare states. Do you agree? Discuss.
(a) Yes, per capita income is not a reliable criterion for comparing states.
(b) No, per capita income is an essential measure of economic development.
(c) It depends on various other factors apart from per capita income.
(d) None of the above.
Answer: (c) It depends on various other factors apart from per capita income.
7. Find out the present sources of energy used by the people in India. What could be the other possibilities fifty years from now?
(a) Fossil fuels; possibly renewable energy sources in the future.
(b) Renewable energy sources; possibly nuclear energy in the future.
(c) Nuclear energy; possibly fossil fuels in the future.
(d) None of the above.
Answer: (a) Fossil fuels; possibly renewable energy sources in the future.
8. Why is the issue of sustainability important for development?
(a) Sustainable development ensures that current needs are met without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.
(b) Sustainability addresses environmental degradation and resource depletion.
(c) Sustainable development balances economic, social, and environmental considerations.
(d) All of the above.
Answer: (d) All of the above.
9. Which statement best reflects the relevance of the quote, "The Earth has enough resources to meet the needs of all but not enough to satisfy the greed of even one person" to the discussion of development?
(a) It highlights the importance of responsible resource management and equitable distribution.
(b) It emphasizes the need for global cooperation in addressing development challenges.
(c) It suggests that development should prioritize the needs of the majority over the desires of a few.
(d) All of the above.
Answer: (d) All of the above.
10. Which of the following is an example of environmental degradation?
(a) Deforestation
(b) Air pollution
(c) Loss of biodiversity
(d) All of the above
Answer: (d) All of the above
11. For each of the items given in Table 1.6, find out which country is at the top and which is at the bottom?
(a) Sri Lanka; Pakistan
(b) India; Bangladesh
(c) Australia; Afghanistan
(d) None of the above
Answer: (d) None of the above
12. Based on the provided data, compare the nutritional level of people in Kerala and Madhya Pradesh.
(a) Kerala has a lower proportion of undernourished individuals compared to Madhya Pradesh.
(b) Madhya Pradesh has a lower proportion of undernourished individuals compared to Kerala.
(c) Both states have similar levels of undernourishment.
(d) Insufficient data to compare.
Answer: (a) Kerala has a lower proportion of undernourished individuals compared to Madhya Pradesh.
13. Why are around one-fifth of people in the country undernourished despite enough food being available?
(a) Due to unequal distribution of food and lack of access to nutritious food.
(b) Due to a lack of food production.
(c) Due to government policies.
(d) Due to climate change.
Answer: (a) Due to unequal distribution of food and lack of access to nutritious food.
14. Why is sustainable development important?
(a) It ensures the well-being of current and future generations.
(b) It addresses environmental degradation.
(c) It promotes economic growth.
(d) All of the above.
Answer: (d) All of the above.
15. Which of the following is not a consequence of environmental degradation?
(a) Poverty
(b) Food insecurity
(c) Social equity
(d) Health problems
Answer: (c) Social equity
16. Which of the following is a limitation of using per capita income alone to compare states within a country?
(a) It doesn't account for regional disparities.
(b) It doesn't consider cost of living.
(c) It ignores social indicators.
(d) All of the above.
Answer: (d) All of the above
17. Why do scientists, economists, and other social scientists work together on issues related to sustainability?
(a) Because sustainability issues are complex and interdisciplinary.
(b) Because sustainability affects all aspects of society.
(c) Because different perspectives are needed to find solutions.
(d) All of the above.
Answer: (d) All of the above.
Other Questions -----------
1. What are the three main criteria typically used to determine the development of a country?
Answer- The three main criteria typically used to determine the development of a country are per capita income, average literacy level, and the health status of its people.
2. How does the United Nations Development Programme's approach to measuring development differ from that of the World Bank?
Answer-The United Nations Development Programme's approach to measuring development focuses on a broader set of indicators beyond just economic factors, including education, health, and standard of living. This differs from the World Bank's narrower focus primarily on economic indicators.
3. Which neighbouring country has a better human development ranking than India?
Answer-Sri Lanka has a better human development ranking than India among the neighboring countries.
4. Explain the significance of per capita income as a criterion for measuring development.
Answer- Per capita income is significant as it reflects the average income of individuals in a country and is often used as a measure of economic development.
5. What are the limitations of using per capita income alone to compare the development of different countries?
Answer-The limitations of using per capita income alone to compare the development of different countries include its failure to capture income distribution within the country, disparities in living standards, and variations in purchasing power.
6. Why is sustainability important for development?
Answer- Sustainability is important for development because it ensures that current needs are met without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. Environmental degradation and resource depletion can have long-term consequences on economic, social, and environmental aspects of development.
7. Can you provide examples of environmental degradation observed around you?
Answer-Examples of environmental degradation observed around may include deforestation, air and water pollution, loss of biodiversity, and climate change impacts.
8. What are some present sources of energy used by people in India?
Answer-Present sources of energy used by people in India include fossil fuels (coal, oil, and natural gas), renewable energy sources (solar, wind, hydroelectric), and biomass.
9. How might the sources of energy used by people in India change in the next fifty years?
Answer-In the next fifty years, the sources of energy used by people in India could shift towards greater reliance on renewable energy sources such as solar and wind power, along with advancements in energy efficiency technologies and possibly nuclear energy.
10. Discuss the relevance of the statement: "The Earth has enough resources to meet the needs of all but not enough to satisfy the greed of even one person" in the context of development.
Answer-The statement highlights the importance of responsible and equitable resource management in the context of development. It emphasizes the need to address greed and prioritize the equitable distribution of resources to meet the needs of all individuals and ensure sustainable development.
11. Describe the concept of sustainable development.
Answer-Sustainable development refers to development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. It involves balancing economic, social, and environmental considerations.
12. Explain the importance of considering factors beyond economic indicators when measuring development.
Answer- Considering factors beyond economic indicators when measuring development is important because it provides a more comprehensive understanding of well-being and progress, encompassing aspects such as education, health, environmental sustainability, and social equity.
13. Compare the nutritional levels of people in Kerala and Madhya Pradesh based on the provided data.
Answer- Based on the provided data, Kerala has a lower proportion of undernourished individuals compared to Madhya Pradesh.
14. Why might around one-fifth of people in a country be undernourished despite having enough food available?
Answer-Despite enough food being available in the country, around one-fifth of people may be undernourished due to factors such as unequal distribution of food, lack of access to nutritious food, poverty, inadequate infrastructure, and inefficient food distribution systems.
15. What role do averages play in analyzing development data? What are their limitations?
Answer-Averages play a role in analyzing development data by providing a summary measure of central tendency. However, their limitations include their inability to capture variations within the data, outliers, and skewed distributions.
16. Can you explain why per capita income alone may not be a reliable criterion for comparing states within a country?
Answer- Per capita income alone may not be a reliable criterion for comparing states within a country because it does not account for regional disparities in income distribution, cost of living, and access to resources and opportunities.
17. How does environmental degradation impact development on a global scale?
Answer-Environmental degradation impacts development on a global scale by exacerbating issues such as poverty, food insecurity, health problems, and social unrest. It also threatens ecosystems and biodiversity, which are essential for sustaining life on Earth.
18. Discuss the potential consequences of unchecked consumption and resource depletion on future generations.
Answer-Unchecked consumption and resource depletion can lead to environmental degradation, loss of biodiversity, climate change, and ecological crises, ultimately affecting the well-being of current and future generations.
19. How do inequalities in access to resources and opportunities affect development outcomes?
Answer- Inequalities in access to resources and opportunities can perpetuate poverty, hinder social mobility, and contribute to disparities in health, education, and living standards, thus impeding development outcomes.
20. Describe the ongoing debate surrounding development and progress in society.
Answer-The ongoing debate surrounding development and progress in society revolves around questions of what constitutes development, how it should be measured, and what priorities should be set to achieve sustainable and equitable development goals.
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